Music Theory Q & A

Current Answer Source: Jeff Evans
If you have a music theory or other music-related question please visit our question form. If I know the answer, or can convincingly pretend to know the answer, it will appear below. Questions will be edited according to my own whims and arbitrary judgements. Your name will not appear unless you really insist. Answers appearing below carry no warranty of any kind but may be useful in dinner conversation.

SEARCH TERM:
1: D# vs. Eb. Keywords: enharmonic
2: Cambiata in 3rd species. Keywords: Counterpoint
3: The Neapolitan chord. Keywords: harmony, altered chords
4: When to beam notes. Keywords: notation, beaming
5: Hearing the difference between 2/2 and 4/4, etc. Keywords: meter, beat
6: Slur combined with staccato?? Keywords: articulation
7: What's a tritone?? Keywords: intervals, counterpoint
8: Modulation vs. key change. Keywords: harmony
9: Why no B# or E# in the scale? Keywords: diatonic, chromatic
10: Are there any easier-to-learn forms of music notation? Keywords: staff, shape notes, solfege
11: Can you elaborate on the use of rhythm in Bartok's Mikrokosmos no. 148? Keywords: Bulgarian rhythm
12: What is a cadence? Keywords: harmony, phrase
13: What is cambiata? Keywords: counterpoint
14: A mysterious pair of notes - half notes beamed together? Keywords: bowed tremolo, notation
15: What does "plena voce" mean? Keywords: performance instructions
16: Please explain the circle of fifths. Keywords: intervals, key signature
17: Please explain "The Dominant Triads." Keywords: harmony
18: What is the difference between a parallel minor and a relative minor? Keywords: key signature
19: How do you recognize an interval? Keywords: ear training, notation
20: What is the difference between a chord in major and a chord in minor? Keywords: harmony, triad
21: What is a closed Chord? Keywords: chord voicing, chord position
22: What are the hand signs for solfege? Keywords: diatonic, scale
23: How do you tell which notes in a melody determine the chords? Keywords: harmonize, harmony
24: How to analyze the chord E D A B E? Keywords: harmonic analysis
25: What is the meaning of numbers 6/5, 4/3, 4/2, etc.? Keywords: figured bass, thoroughbass, harmonic analysis
26: Can you tell me how leading tones work? Keywords: counterpoint, harmony, scale
27: Please explain the terms "ostinato" and "drone." Keywords: composition
28: Should E# be played on the F# key if F# is in the key signature? Keywords: enharmonics, key signature, accidentals
29: Repeat bars within a measure Keywords: meter, pickup note, barline, repeat
30: Spelling a given scale in Sol-Fa Keywords: Solfege, scale, Fixed-Do, Moveable-Do
31: Why do most musical scales start on C? Keywords: Scale, Key
32: Should I take music theory? Why do orchestra parts keep changing clef? Why are the instruments in different keys? Keywords: Music Theory, Transposing instruments, Range, Clef
33: Could you please give me information about rests in music theory? Keywords: Rests, rhythm, notation
34: How would one play a piano chord with a book notation of G/B? Keywords: Chords, harmony, chord inversion
35: Where do the 5 tones with hand symbols in the movie "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" come from? Keywords: Solfege, Curwen, partial series, scale
36: How do you notate a 16th-8th-16th note combination on one beam? Keywords: Beaming, rhythm, meter, notation
37: What is a sixth chord? Keywords: harmony, sixth chord
38: What is an Italian sixth? Keywords: harmony, augmented sixth chord, French Augmented Sixth, German Augmented Sixth, Italian Augmented Sixth
39: What are the rules for writing a round? Keywords: counterpoint, circular canon, round
40: A jazz piece is marked with sextuplets but looks like 12/8 - Is this correct? Keywords: meter, jazz, swing
41: In tonal music, Why would it be wrong to leave unresolved 7ths or unresolved suspensions? Keywords: harmony, counterpoint, partials, harmonics, dissonance
42: What does "fp" (forte/piano) mean when under the same note? For instance in a measure with 8th-4th-8th note with fp under the quarter what dynamic should be used? Keywords: dynamics, performance instructions, performance practice
43: What syllables make up the supertonic triad? Keywords: scale degrees, triads, harmony
44: How do I count rests in my head? Keywords: rhythm, counting, simple, compound, rests, meter
45: Are there good interval hints to keep in mind when trying to distinguish between tones? Keywords: intervals, ear training
46: What is a bFlat7 *5*9 chord?? Keywords: chords, jazz chords, diminished chords
47: Is the division of the octave into 12 tones based on anything other than convention? Keywords: scales, steps, acoustics, keyboard
48: How do you know the difference between a major and minor interval? Keywords: intervals, major, minor
49: What mark is used to indicate a slurred note? Keywords: articulation, slurs, ties, phrase marks
50: What scale do these chords represent? Keywords: keys, minor keys, diminished chords, altered chords, dominant chords
51: What is a Cambiata voice as pertains to a boy soprano voice? Keywords: singing, tessitura, vocal range, cambiata
52: When playing in 5/4 time which beat gets the emphasis? Keywords: meter, metric accent
53: If an ornament has an accidental before it does it apply to the main notes if in the same bar? Keywords: accidentals, ornaments, turn, trill
54: Why is the sixth considered consonant, but the second is not? Keywords: tuning, temperament, overtones, partials, musical acoustics
55: Can you describe what is meant by "essential tones" in counterpoint? Keywords: essential tones, tonal counterpoint, voice-leading, dissonance
56: How can I write a chord progression in the Phrygian mode? Keywords: modal harmony, modes, Phrygian, Dorian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Lydian, modal chords
57: Can you resolve a dispute between my daughter's teacher and her Theory Book about tying notes across the center of a 4/4 measure? Keywords: Ties, beams, metric division
58: Why is the vii dim 7 important in minor keys? Keywords: dissonance resolution, half steps, seventh chords
59: What are the scales in which the interval of (f-b)or (fa si) is augmented? Keywords: scales, modes, augmented fourth, diminished fifth, moveable Do, fixed Do
60: How should I count the eighth notes in the Moonlight Sonata? One-and-two-and doesn't seem to do it. Keywords: meter, triplets, cut time, counting rhythm
61: When can I use the chord IIb in harmony? Keywords: harmony, Neapolitan chord, altered chords
62: What chords make a 6-5 suspension in C minor if the bass is a b natural? Keywords: harmony, figured bass, diminished seventh, suspension, voice-leading, non-chordal tones
63: Does the Grand Staff arise from an older 10 line staff that was split in two? Keywords: Guido of Arezzo, conductus, chant, history of notation.
64: What is the meaning of major and minor in music? Keywords: Intervals, affect, scales, tonic triad.
65: Why doesn't 'Do, Re, Mi' start on the note A? Keywords: Guido, solfege, scales, Odo of Cluny, Ut Queant Laxis.
66: What should I call the chord E-Bb-Db-G#? Keywords: chords, enharmonic equivalents, diminished seventh chord.
67: The singer I'm accompanying wants everything in the key of Asia Minor -? Keywords: What keywords?
68: If an E major chord appears in a G major piece, has the music changed key? Keywords:Harmony, modulation, secondary dominants
69: What is this mysterious scale with a lowered 7th degree? Keywords:Modes, scales
70: I see an F natural in G major. Did the chord change? Keywords:Modulation, secondary dominants, harmony
71: What's the difference between a contemporary pedagogical composer and a non-pedagogical composer? Keywords: Bartok, Chopin, Bach, Kabalevsky, Shostakovich, Schumann
72: Why are some chord progressions "stronger" than others? Keywords:Harmonics, harmony, root progression, leading tones
73: When/why did the repeat become such an integral part of music? Keywords:Form, sonata, variation, through-composed