Retardation is very much like a suspension except that the dissonance resolves upward instead of downward. It appears frequently in cadences as shown in figure 17.
The anticipation is a nonharmonic tone that anticipates a following change in the other voices. It is resolved when the other voices "catch up" with the anticipation tone.
Derived from the pedal of an organ, this term refers to any long sustained note that becomes dissonant as the other parts move. It is usually a bass note, but can be in other voices.